Case - Based Echocardiography

di Abraham • 2010 • dettagli prodotto

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DESCRIZIONE

Physics and Artifacts.A brief explanation of the physical basis of ultrasound in cardiac imaging.Examples of common artifacts that are mistaken for cardiac pathology.-LV mass and volumes.Qualitative and quantitative determination of LV wall thickness and mass.Qualitative and quantitative determination of LV volumes.-LV function.Commonly used techniques for ejection fraction assessment.-M-mode in modern echocardiography.Examples of common pathologies where M mode may still be used in modern echocardiography.-Wall motion and stress echocardiography.How to assess regional wall motion.Examples of normal, hypokinetic and akinetic wall motion.Use of wall motion analysis in stress echocardiography.Common stress echocardiography protocols – exercise; dobutamine; dipyridamole.Problem solving during stress echocardiography.-RV function assessment.Visual assessment of RV size and function.Tissue Doppler in RV assessment.-Valvular heart disease.General principles in assessing valves.Mitral stenosis and regurgitation.Aortic stenosis and regurgitation.Pulmonary stenosis and regurgitation.Tricuspid stenosis and regurgitation.Multivalvular involvement: rheumatic disease; carcinoid; diet drugs.Prosthetic valve assessment.Infective endocarditis.-Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).Protocol for TEE.Standard TEE views.Limitations of TEE (when not to do TEE).Emergency applications of TEE: dissection etc.Methemoglobinemia and treatment.-Use of echo contrast in routine practice.Common contrast agents.Indications in clinical practice.Protocol for contrast use.Common problems and how to resolve them.-Cardiomyopathies.Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.Infiltrative cardiomyopathy.Dilated cardiomyopathy.-Tissue Doppler and its clinical uses.Fundamentals of tissue Doppler.Applications in clinical practice.How to do tissue Doppler.Assessment of dyssynchrony.Strain imaging in brief.-Diastolic function assessment.-Mitral inflow.Pulmonary vein flow.Tissue Doppler.Flow propogation velocity.Grades of diastolic dysfunction.-The pericardium.Pericardial effusion.Pericarditis.How to determine if there is tamponade physiology.Constriction versus restriction physiology.