A Short History of Medical Ethics

di Jonsen • 2008 • dettagli prodotto

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DESCRIZIONE

A Short History of Medical Ethics is a scholarly prologue to the evolving world of contemporary bioethics. In the penultimate chapter, Jonsen takes the reader on a whirlwind tour of some of the seminal events that shaped the new discipline, among them the Nuremberg Tribunal of 1947, with its condemnation of experimentation without the consent of the subjects; the introduction of hemodialysis in 1960 and the adoption of "social worth criteria" for the allocation of resources by the Seattle Artificial Kidney Center; and in 1973, Roe v. Wade, the case in which the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed that the constitutional right to privacy prevents state laws from restricting the right of a woman to obtain an abortion during the first trimester of pregnancy. Today's bioethics is enriched by a conceptual framework that goes beyond decorum and deontology and that takes the patient's perspective as its starting point. Modern bioethics reformulates the fundamental moral problem as a problem for society, rather than merely one of professional self-regulation. I would add to Jonsen's list of the ways in which today's bioethics has transcended its predecessors the use of empirical data to help answer questions. The old question of whether patients should be told the truth about their conditions, for instance, can be answered in part by studying the types of information patients want and by examining the consequences of their having information. Not surprisingly, A Short History of Medical Ethics is at least as useful for what it tells us about earlier societies as it is for what it tells us about bioethics.